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A1.14 British Citizenship

British Citizenship – September 2025 Update

Official link: https://www.gov.uk/browse/citizenship/citizenship

 

【1】Born in the UK

(1) Born on or after 1 January 1983

You must meet one of these conditions:

  • You are under 18, and one parent became a      British citizen or obtained UK permanent residence AFTER your birth.

  • You have lived continuously in the UK until age 10 or      older.

If eligible, you can apply directly for a British passport or for a certificate confirming citizenship.

Applying as a Minor (Under 18)

  • Requirements:

    1. Born in the UK

    2. Under 18 at time of application

    3. After your birth, one parent treated the UK as their home and       either:

u  Became a British citizen

u  Obtained Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR)

u  Obtained Settled Status under EU Settlement Scheme

u  Obtained Indefinite Leave to Enter

u  Obtained permanent residence

  • Fees:

Application: £1,214

Add £130 citizenship ceremony fee if you turn 18 during application

Fee exemptions available for those who cannot afford it

Continuous Residence Until Age 10

  • Absence limit: No more than 90 days      outside UK in any 12-month period

  • Special circumstances for longer absences must be explained in      application

(2) Born Before 1983

Generally automatically British unless:

  • Your father was a foreign diplomat accredited to a country other      than UK

  • Your father was an "enemy alien in occupied      territory" during WWII and you were born in Channel Islands

 

【2】Spouse or Civil Partner of British Citizen

  • Residence: 3 years continuous UK      residence

  • Status: Must already hold ILR or EU      Settled Status

  • Apply immediately if qualified

Official link: https://www.gov.uk/apply-citizenship-spouse

Requirements:

  1. Residence:

Ø  3 years continuous residence before application

Ø  No more than 270 days absence in 3-year period

Ø  No more than 90 days absence in final 12 months

Ø  Physically in UK exactly 3 years before application date

  1. Status: Hold ILR, EU Settled      Status, or Indefinite Leave to Enter

  2. Requirements: Life in UK test,      English language proof, good character

  3. Special cases: Pre-settled status      holders may qualify with 5 years residence/work/study

Application:

  • Fee: £1,735 (includes £130 ceremony      fee)

  • Processing: Up to 6 months

  • Method: Online application + UKVCAS      biometric appointment

After Approval:

  • Attend citizenship ceremony

  • Return BRP within 5 working days (if held - now replaced by      eVisas)

  • Use British passport for travel

 

【3】Holders of Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR)

  • Usually requires 5 years continuous residence for ILR

  • Usually need 12 months with ILR before citizenship application

Official link: https://www.gov.uk/apply-citizenship-indefinite-leave-to-remain

Requirements:

  1. Age 18+

  2. 5 years continuous UK residence

  3. Held ILR/EU Settled Status/Indefinite Leave to Enter for 12      months (except British citizen spouses)

  4. Physically in UK exactly 5 years before application

  5. Life in UK test, English proof, intention to reside, good      character

  6. Absences: ≤450 days in 5 years, ≤90 days in final year

Children:

  • Apply separately (£1,214 per child)

  • Automatic citizenship if born in UK after parent obtained ILR

Application:

  • Fee: £1,735

  • Processing: Up to 6 months

 

【4】Irish Citizens

  • 5 years continuous UK residence required

Official link: https://www.gov.uk/apply-citizenship-irish-citizen

Requirements:

  1. Irish citizenship

  2. 5 years continuous UK residence

  3. Absences: ≤450 days in 5 years, ≤90 days in final year

  4. Physically in UK exactly 5 years before application

  5. Good character

Fees:

  • Adult: £853 (includes ceremony fee)

  • Child: £607 per child

Application: Online + UKVCAS biometrics

After approval: Can use either British or Irish passport for UK travel

 

【5】EU Settlement Scheme Settled Status

  • Usually need 12 months with Settled Status before citizenship

Official link: https://www.gov.uk/british-citizenship

Requirements:

  • Age 18+

  • 5 years continuous residence

  • Held Settled Status/ILR for 12 months (except British citizen      spouses)

  • Absences: ≤450 days in 5 years, ≤90 days in final year

  • Life in UK test, English proof, intention to reside, good      character

Fees:

  • Adult: £1,735

  • Child: £1,214

 

【6】EU Settlement Scheme Pre-settled Status

  • Must have pre-settled status

  • From EU/Norway/Iceland/Liechtenstein and started living in UK      by 31 December 2020

  • 5 years continuous residence with work/study/self-sufficiency

  • Usually need 1 more year residence (unless married to British      citizen)

 

【7】Commonwealth Citizens (Windrush Scheme)

  • You or parent arrived in UK before 1973

  • Lived in UK with total absences ≤2 years

  • If through parent: born in UK or arrived before age 18

 

【8】Other Possible Routes

You may qualify if you have:

  • British parent

  • Other British nationality

  • Parent who is British Overseas Territories citizen

  • Statelessness

  • Previously renounced British citizenship

  • Other special circumstances

  • Chagos Islands descent